Even in the wake of several spectacular bank failures that have diminished the funds that backstops deposit insurance, the average bank customer shouldn’t worry too much about losing their money in the event of more banking chaos, experts say.
Key Takeaways
- About half of U.S. adults are worried about whether their insured deposits are still safe after recent bank collapses.
- At the end of 2022, the FDIC's Deposit Insurance Fund had $128.2 billion, equal to 1.27% of all the deposits insured by the government.
- Since then, three banks have collapsed, costing the fund a total of $35.5 billion.
- The fund can continue paying even if it goes into the red, but the debt ceiling fight may complicate that process.
After several highly publicized bank collapses—including the second, third, and fourth-largest ones in history—many bank customers are starting to wonder if their money is truly safe. A Gallup poll last week found that about half of U.S. adults were worried about the safety of the money they’d stashed in banks and other financial institutions.
According to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, those worries are misplaced—the FDIC guarantees deposits up to $250,000, far more than most individual customers have in their accounts.
Still, the FDIC itself doesn’t have unlimited money. If enough banks flounder at once, it could deplete the fund that backstops deposits. However, experts say even in that event, bank patrons shouldn’t worry about losing their FDIC-insured money.
When a financial institution like Silicon Valley Bank fails, the FDIC steps in to get insured depositors all their money back. To do this, it uses the Deposit Insurance Fund, which is paid for by banks themselves. At the end of 2022, the fund had $128.2 billion, equal to 1.27% of all the deposits insured by the FDIC.
Since then, bailing out depositors at Silicon Valley and Signature banks in March cost a total of $22.5 billion, and the First Republic bank rescue in April is likely to cost about $13 billion according to the FDIC.
With costs quickly mounting, it’s easy to imagine a scenario where a cascade of bank failures, especially if they’re larger banks, exhausts the fund completely. Fortunately for depositors, the fund can continue paying even if it goes into the red, as happened in the wake of the great financial crisis in 2009—the law allows the FDIC to borrow up to $100 billion from the U.S. Treasury.
That option might not be available, however, if the bank failures coincided with a breach of the debt ceiling, which could hobble the government’s ability to borrow and lend money.
If the government were to default on its debt, the U.S. have bigger worries than the health of the Deposit Insurance Fund.
“We're going to be worrying about Social Security getting paid, and whether the federal government will have to pay more to borrow money for the rest of eternity,” said David Wessel, director of the Hutchins Center on Fiscal and Monetary Policy at the nonpartisan Brookings Institution think tank.
In that event, one last institution could still come to the rescue: the Federal Reserve, which, during the financial crisis of 2008, gave “blank check” lending totaling $1 trillion at its peak into the financial system to keep it from collapsing completely.
“The Federal Reserve spent a lot of money that it created itself during the great global financial crisis,” Wessel said. “So if it gets to a point where some humongous bank like Bank of America or JPMorgan fails, which would be devastating, we have evidence now that the Fed will step in.”
Creating a large amount of money out of thin air would stoke inflation down the road, meaning that in the end, the cost of those bank failures would be borne by everyone in the form of higher prices.
The bottom line according to Wessel: money in banks is likely safe so long as it’s protected by the FDIC deposit insurance which—for the moment—covers accounts up to $250,000.
“If I had more than $250,000, I don't think I'd put it in one bank,” Wessel said.
FAQs
A: The FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) is an independent agency of the United States government that protects bank depositors against the loss of their insured deposits in the event that an FDIC-insured bank or savings association fails.
Is it true that if the bank account is FDIC-insured your money is safe even if the bank fails? ›
The FDIC's insurance coverage includes principal and interest through the date of the bank failure up to applicable insurance limit for each deposit. The accrual of interest ceases on all accounts once the bank is closed.
Could FDIC run out of money? ›
Still, the FDIC itself doesn't have unlimited money. If enough banks flounder at once, it could deplete the fund that backstops deposits. However, experts say even in that event, bank patrons shouldn't worry about losing their FDIC-insured money.
Is your money safe here's what deposit insurance covers? ›
FDIC deposit insurance covers the balance of each depositor's account, dollar-for-dollar, up to the insurance limit, including principal and any accrued interest through the date of the insured bank's failure. In many cases, a failed bank is acquired by another FDIC-insured bank.
What happens to safe deposit boxes when a bank closes? ›
When an insured bank or thrift closes, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) usually arranges for another institution to take it over, including branches where you might have a safe deposit box. In those situations, you should be able to conduct business as usual.
Will I lose my money if my bank collapses? ›
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) insures bank accounts up to $250,000 per depositor, per account category. 1 So, unless your bank is not insured by the FDIC or you have deposited more than the FDIC limit, your money is safe if your bank fails.
Can banks seize your money if the economy fails? ›
It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options. Your money is safe in a bank, even during an economic decline like a recession. Up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, is protected by the FDIC or NCUA at a federally insured financial institution.
Do rich people worry about FDIC? ›
Millionaires don't worry about FDIC insurance. Their money is held in their name and not the name of the custodial private bank.
Can the FDIC shut down banks? ›
As 60 Minutes reported in 2009, there are three ways the FDIC can take over a bank: It can close it and pay off depositors; run the bank itself; or try to find a buyer.
Has anyone ever lost money at an FDIC insured bank? ›
No depositor has ever lost a penny of insured deposits since the FDIC was created in 1933.
Historically, the FDIC pays insurance within a few days after a bank closing, usually the next business day, by either (1) providing each depositor with a new account at another insured bank in an amount equal to the insured balance of their account at the failed bank, or (2) by issuing a payment to each depositor for ...
What happens to my IRA if my bank fails? ›
Bank-held IRAs may not offer the greatest growth potential, but they do come with FDIC insurance in most instances. As a result, you're guaranteed not to lose the insured portion of your account in the event of a banking crisis.
Is it safe to have more than $250000 in a bank account? ›
An account that contains more than $250,000 at one bank, or multiple accounts with the same owner or owners, is insured only up to $250,000. The protection does not come from taxes or congressional funding. Instead, banks pay into the insurance system, and the insurance provides their customers with protection.
What to do if you have more than 250k in the bank? ›
How to Insure Bank Deposits Over $250,000
- Open an Account at a Different Bank. FDIC coverage limits are per bank. ...
- Add a Joint Account Owner. ...
- Split Funds Between Ownership Categories. ...
- Use a Network Bank.
This is their only account at this IDI and it is held as a “joint account with right of survivorship.” While they are both alive, they are fully insured for up to $500,000 under the joint account category.
Are bank deposits insured in case of bank failure? ›
FDIC deposit insurance covers all deposit accounts at insured banks up to the insurance limit, currently $250,000 per depositor, per bank, per ownership category, including principal and any accrued interest through the date of an insured bank's closing. Deposit accounts include: Checking accounts. Savings accounts.
What agency protects the deposits in banks? ›
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency created by the Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation's financial system.
What happens to your money if a bank closes your account? ›
You'll get your money back (usually). You may receive a check in the mail for the remaining balance, unless the bank suspects terrorism or other illegal activities. You can also go to a branch and receive a cashier's check for the account balance.
What monitored banks and protected deposits if a bank failed? ›
One way the FDIC maintains stability and public confidence in the U.S. financial system is by providing deposit insurance. The primary purposes of the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) are: (1) to insure the deposits and protect the depositors of insured banks and (2) to resolve failed banks.
